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Geographical Indications

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Frequently Asked Questions

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Every region has its claim to fame—like Indian spices, Arabian horses, and Venetian glass. A strong link has developed between products and their geographical origin, leading to the development of geographical indications (GIs).
In December 1999, the Indian Parliament passed the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act. It is administered by the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks, and the Geographical Indications Registry is based in Chennai.

It is an indication that:

  • Originates from a definite geographical area
  • Identifies agricultural, natural, or manufactured goods
  • In the case of manufactured goods, these must be produced, processed, or prepared in that region
  • Has a specific quality, reputation, or characteristic
  • Basmati Rice
  • Darjeeling Tea
  • Kanchipuram Silk Saree
  • Nagpur Orange
  • Kolhapuri Chappal
  • Bikaneri Bhujia
  • Agra Petha
  • Legal protection in India
  • Prevention of unauthorized use
  • Boosts exports
  • Promotes economic prosperity in producing regions
  • Associations, producers, organizations, or authorities
  • Must represent the producers’ interests
  • Must submit a written application and prescribed fee

Any association, producers, or authority whose name is listed in the GI Register.

A producer of registered GI goods who applies in writing with the prescribed fee.

Anyone involved in:

  • Production/processing/trading of agricultural goods
  • Exploiting/trading of natural goods
  • Making/manufacturing/trading of handicrafts or industrial goods

No. But it offers better legal protection and allows infringement actions.

Only authorized users have the exclusive right to use the GI for the goods it is registered for.

Valid indefinitely if renewed every 10 years.

It is removed from the register.

No. It is public property of the producers. It cannot be assigned, licensed, or mortgaged. However, rights can pass to successors upon the death of an authorized user.

  • A trademark distinguishes the goods/services of one enterprise from another.
  • A geographical indication identifies goods as originating from a specific location with special characteristics.
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